Java_Features

 Features of Java

The primary objective of Java programming language creation was to make it portable, simple and secure programming language. Apart from this, there are also some excellent features which play an important role in the popularity of this language. The features of Java are also known as Java buzzwords.

A list of the most important features of the Java language is given below.

1. Object-Oriented                          6.  Interpreted
2. Portable                                       7.  High Performance
3. Platform independent                8.  Multithreaded
4. Secured                                        9.  Dynamic
5. Robust                                         10. Distributed

• Object-oriented

Java is an object-oriented programming language. Everything in Java is an object. Object-oriented means we organize our software as a combination of different types of objects that incorporate both data and behavior.

Object-oriented programming (OOPs) is a methodology that simplifies software development and maintenance by providing some rules.

Basic concepts of OOPs are:

1. Object
2. Class
3. Inheritance
4. Polymorphism
5. Abstraction
6. Encapsulation

• Platform Independent

Java is platform independent because it is different from other languages like C, C++, etc. which are compiled into platform specific machines while Java is a write once, run anywhere language. A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs.

There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides a software-based platform.

The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it is a software-based platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms. It has two components:

Runtime Environment

API(Application Programming Interface)

Java code can be executed on multiple platforms, for example, Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris, Mac/OS, etc. Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode. This bytecode is a platform-independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms, i.e., Write Once and Run Anywhere (WORA).

• Robust

The English mining of Robust is strong. Java is robust because:

It uses strong memory management.

There is a lack of pointers that avoids security problems.

Java provides automatic garbage collection which runs on the Java Virtual Machine to get rid of objects which are not being used by a Java application anymore.

There are exception handling and the type checking mechanism in Java. All these points make Java robust.

• Portable

Java is portable because it facilitates you to carry the Java bytecode to any platform. It doesn't require any implementation.

• High-performance

Java is faster than other traditional interpreted programming languages because Java bytecode is "close" to native code. It is still a little bit slower than a compiled language (e.g., C++). Java is an interpreted language that is why it is slower than compiled languages, e.g., C, C++, etc.

• Distributed

Java is distributed because it facilitates users to create distributed applications in Java. RMI and EJB are used for creating distributed applications. This feature of Java makes us able to access files by calling the methods from any machine on the internet.

• Multi-threaded

A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently. We can write Java programs that deal with many tasks at once by defining multiple threads. The main advantage of multi-threading is that it doesn't occupy memory for each thread. It shares a common memory area. Threads are important for multi-media, Web applications, etc.

• Dynamic

Java is a dynamic language. It supports the dynamic loading of classes. It means classes are loaded on demand. It also supports functions from its native languages, i.e., C and C++.

Conclusion

So, now we know what features make Java a popular and useful programming language among programmers, software developers, and data science professionals. It has a flexible design that enables developers to write code that can run on any machine. The impressive features of this versatile programming language enable programmers to create scalable and high-performance programs. We hope this article helped you understand what the features of Java are.

Java

 Introduction To Java Programming

Java is an object-oriented, class-based programming language. The language is designed to have as few dependencies implementations as possible. The intention of using this language is to give relief to the developers from writing codes for every platform. The term WORA, write once and run everywhere is often associated with this language. It means whenever we compile a Java code, we get the byte code (.class file), and that can be executed (without compiling it again) on different platforms provided they support Java. In the year 1995, Java language was developed. It is mainly used to develop web, desktop, and mobile devices. The Java language is known for its robustness, security, and simplicity features. That is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

History

The Java language has a very interesting history. Patrick Naughton, Mike Sheridan, and Jame Gosling, known as the Green team, started the development of Java in the year 1991. These people were the engineers at Sun Microsystems. In 1996, the first public implementation was released as Java 1.0. The compiler of Java 1.0 was rewritten by Arthur Van Hoff to comply strictly with its specification. With the introduction of Java 2, the new versions have multiple different configurations that have been built for the various platforms. It is worth noting that James Gosling is also known as the father of Java.

The ISO standard body was approached by Sun Microsystems in the year 1997 to formalize Java, but the process was withdrawn soon. At one point in time, Sun Microsystems provided most of its implementation of Java available without any cost, despite having the status of proprietary software.

Application Programs

The Implementation of an application program in Java application includes the following steps.

1.The program creation 

2.The program compilation.

3.Executing the compiled code.

It is worth noting here that JDK (Java Development Kit) should be installed properly on the system, and the path should also be set. 

The Terminologies in Java

1.JVM (Java Virtual Machine): JVM is the specification that facilitates the runtime environment in which the execution of the Java bytecode takes place. Whenever one uses the command java, an instance of the JVM is created. JVM facilitates the definition of the memory area, register set, class file format, and fatal error reporting. Note that the JVM is platform dependent.

2.Byte Code: It has already been discussed in the introductory part that the Java compiler compiles the Java code to generate the .class file or the byte code. One has to use the javac command to invoke the Java compiler.

3.Java Development Kit (JDK): It is the complete Java Development Kit that encompasses everything, including JRE(Java Runtime Environment), compiler, java docs, debuggers, etc. JDK must be installed on the computer for the creation, compilation, and execution of a Java program.

4.Java Runtime Environment (JRE): JRE is part of the JDK. If a system has only JRE installed, then the user can only run the program. In other words, only the java command works. The compilation of a Java program will not be possible (the javac command will not work).

5.Garbage Collector: Programmers are not able to delete objects in Java. In order to do so, JVM has a program known as Garbage Collector. Garbage Collectors recollect or delete unreferenced objects. Garbage Collector makes the life of a developer/ programmer easy as they do not have to worry about memory management.

Backend Technology

Suppose you visit an e-commerce website like Amazon  the stunning layout and design you view on your device were designed by Frontend Developers. However, when you sign in to your account, add the required items to the cart, make the payment, and check out –all of these are server-side functions that fall under Backend Development. In other words, back-end development involves activities that are performed at the back end of a program. The backend of a website consists of three main components –a server, a database, and an application to implement the logic.  Backend development functions as an invisible process that sends and receives information, communicates with the front end and displays the data in the form of a web page.

Backend developers manage everything behind the scenes of a website, from databases to servers to apps. As backend developers, they work with system components, business processes, and data architecture, as well as writing APIs and libraries. Various types of tools, languages, and technologies are employed by backend developers to accomplish these tasks. Additionally, they use tools like MongoDB, Oracle, MySQL, and SQL servers for creating, reading, updating, and deleting data, which they then serve back to the front end of the application (client-side).